Osteopenia: loss of bone mineral density affects millions of people – here’s what you need to know

A human tibia under the microscope: many people do not even realise they have osteopenia. eranicle/ Shutterstock Around 40% of adults worldwide are affected by osteopenia: a loss of bone mineral density. This condition is extremely common particularly in postmenopausal women and elderly adults. It’s estimated that more than 500,000 fractures occur annually in the […]

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Shortages, substitutes and uncertainty: the new reality of drugs supplies

Yaroslav Astakhov/Shutterstock.com The reliable supply of drugs is fundamental to any healthcare system, yet shortages remain a persistent problem. Disruptions arise from a range of causes: manufacturing failures, fluctuating demand, regulatory changes and wars. Around 60% of drug shortages are linked to manufacturing bottlenecks, while insufficient reserves of both finished products and raw ingredients continue […]

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How scientists changed their view of insomnia

Ground Picture/Shutterstock Insomnia may have been torturing humanity since ancient times, but over the last 20 years scientists have made progress in their understanding of chronic sleep deprivation. Today, sleep deprivation is one of the most widespread reported psychological problems in Britain, with about a third of the adult population in England reporting frequent insomnia […]

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Codeine: why one person’s painkiller can be another person’s problem

Jack_the_sparow/Shutterstock For a medicine so commonly found in bathroom cabinets and high street pharmacies, codeine has a surprisingly complicated story. It sits at the intersection of pain relief, genetics, public health and regulation. As the UK continues to tighten rules around opioid use, codeine offers a useful case study in how a drug can be […]

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Headspace: can our brains get full?

Maciej Bledowski/Shutterstock.com My husband was recently describing something that happened on a past holiday. It wasn’t a significant event, but it sounded pleasant. I, however, had no recollection of what he was telling me. He couldn’t quite believe it. We know that “recollections may differ”, but how can it be so different? And why do […]

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Palantir and the NHS – 10 things you need to know

Who has access? DC Studio/Shutterstock.com Palantir, a US data analytics company backed in its early years by In-Q-Tel, now plays a central role in the NHS’s £330 million Federated Data Platform. Supporters say it could improve planning and efficiency, while critics have raised questions about governance, transparency and trust. Here’s what you need to know. […]

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What a ‘post-antibiotic era’ could mean for modern medicine

nobeastsofierce/Shutterstock Antibiotics are one of the greatest breakthroughs in medical history. They turned once-deadly infections into treatable illnesses and made modern healthcare possible. But bacteria are changing, and some of the drugs we have depended on for decades are becoming less effective. Around the world, infections are becoming harder to treat. This problem is known […]

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Supplements for menopause: here’s what the evidence actually says

All sorts of supplements are marketed online as being able to improve symptoms of the menopause. Pixel-Shot/ Shutterstock Social media is saturated with menopause solutions: powders for brain fog, gummies for sleep or capsules promising hormonal balance. Supplements such as magnesium, lion’s mane, creatine and collagen are being marketed as must-haves for perimenopause and menopause. […]

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Five health conditions mothers can develop after giving birth

Postpartum pre-eclampsia can affect as many as 27% of mums. antoniodiaz/ Shutterstock During pregnancy, a mother’s body undergoes vast structural and functional changes. But what many might not know is that the after-effects of these changes can last long after giving birth – and can even result in the development of new health conditions. Here […]

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Microplastics have been found to interact with the gut microbiome – here’s what health effects they might have

Microplastics have increasingly been linked to a range of health harms. SIVStockStudio/ Shutterstock Through the air we breathe and the food we eat, we can’t help but inhale and ingest tiny bits of plastic every day. These microplastics, as they’re known, have been found in many parts of the human body – including the lungs, […]

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