Subsea fiber-optic cables, essential for global data transmission, have emerged as a pivotal battleground within the escalating great power rivalry involving the United States, China, and Russia. These cables, spanning vast distances worldwide and carrying a majority of international data traffic, are indispensable for various sectors, from finance to national security communications.
The strategic value of these cables has prompted heightened competition among major players, with China’s rapid expansion in subsea cable construction and control raising concerns about data security and potential exploitation. Instances of cable disruptions, intentional or accidental, underscore the vulnerability of this critical infrastructure to various threats, including physical damage and espionage.
To counter these challenges, the United States and its allies must prioritize safeguarding subsea cables through strategic investments and international collaborations. Measures include enhancing repair capabilities, streamlining permitting processes, and fostering regulatory cooperation to ensure the security and resilience of undersea networks.
By leveraging development finance institutions, engaging in regulatory alignment, and providing technical assistance, the U.S. and its partners can bolster infrastructure protection and combat potential disruptions. Initiatives such as the Quad’s Partnership for Cable Connectivity and Resilience and private sector investments in digital connectivity underline the collective efforts to fortify undersea cable systems.
In conclusion, safeguarding subsea cables is crucial to maintaining global connectivity and economic stability amidst growing geopolitical tensions. By taking proactive steps to secure these vital communication lifelines, the U.S. and its allies can mitigate risks posed by adversaries and ensure a secure digital future for all.
Authors: Daniel F. Runde, Erin L. Murphy, Thomas Bryja
Reference: Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS)
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