At Mobile World Congress 2025 in Barcelona, global leaders gathered to discuss the challenges and opportunities in expanding high-quality Internet connectivity to underserved communities. Among them were Dr. Cosmas Zavazava, Director of the ITU Telecommunication Development Bureau (BDT), and Mr. Liu Jie, Huawei’s FDD Product Line Vice President (R&D), who explored the financial and logistical hurdles of bringing wireless services to remote, low-income areas—especially amid the rise of artificial intelligence (AI).
The AI Challenge
While AI is revolutionizing industries such as healthcare, finance, and automation, it also places heavy demands on wireless networks and power grids. Dr. Zavazava emphasized that network infrastructure, scalability, and accessibility must evolve to support AI-driven applications.
“Without connectivity, there is no data to feed AI models,” he explained, highlighting the critical role of digital inclusion in ensuring AI benefits all communities.
Aging Networks and the Path Forward
One of the biggest barriers to connectivity in developing markets is outdated infrastructure. While 3G networks remain the only option in some regions—particularly in Africa—other parts of the world are phasing out 3G and preparing for 6G advancements.
“As we transition from digital inclusion to AI inclusion, wireless networks will be one of the enablers that ensure no one is left behind,” Dr. Zavazava stated.
Innovative Solutions for Connectivity
Mr. Liu stressed that mobile broadband is the backbone of a digital society, enabling anytime, anywhere connections. He highlighted Huawei’s “one-box” solution, a compact base station that integrates multiple network technologies and runs on solar energy—a cost-effective alternative for rural areas where traditional infrastructure is too expensive.
Dr. Zavazava noted that collaborations between ITU’s BDT and Huawei have already helped shrink the connectivity gap, particularly among youth populations.
Policy and Investment Challenges
Financing rural and remote connectivity remains a major hurdle, as low-income communities often lack the resources to sustain profitable telecom investments. Dr. Zavazava stressed that government policies, tax incentives, and regulatory frameworks can encourage private sector engagement in underserved areas.
“Partnerships are fundamental for universal access and service,” he said, citing the Global Symposium for Regulators, which brings together industry leaders, policymakers, and regulators to explore innovative solutions for closing the digital divide.
The Future of AI and Connectivity
Dr. Zavazava urged governments to build public confidence in technology and promote cybersecurity, emphasizing that AI should complement human work, not replace it.
“Instead of fearing job loss, we should focus on skilling, reskilling, and upgrading our skills,” he said.
Both experts agreed that AI-driven digital ecosystems can tackle global challenges, from climate change to precision healthcare.
“For us, AI is an opportunity rather than a challenge,” Dr. Zavazava concluded. “We need governance structures that encourage people to use AI as a tool for good.”
